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Reducing the availability of tobacco to young people
Coffe and nicotine
Media information about drugs
Dignity’s Denial
Common Use Cues

Reducing the availability of tobacco to young people

Ajouté le 24/3/2011

While the legal age of sale of tobacco products is 18, young people under this age say that they continue to find ways to circumvent the law, either by directly purchasing or getting tobacco through other sources. The government recognises the efforts of retailers in recent years to ensure that tobacco sales are made only to adults.We will encourage the continued effort, particularly by retail representative bodies, to promote responsible retailing.
In recent years, evidence suggests that the primary sources of tobacco for young people are changing. The department of Health has commissioned an academic review of the evidence in this area that will be completed in late-2011.We will examine the outcome of this review carefully to determine what further action is needed to reduce the availability of tobacco to young people under the age of 18.
Effective regulation of novel or niche tobacco products
novel or niche tobacco products, including tobacco mixtures for use in waterpipes (such as shisha) and smokeless tobacco, are available for sale in communities throughout England. all tobacco products, especially those that are smoked, carry health risks and are subject to tobacco legislation, including the requirement not to sell these products to people under the age of 18.
We will support local enforcement activities relating to novel or niche tobacco products, and we have commissioned work to develop an online directory that will help enforcement officers to identify such products. guidance to support the effective regulation of waterpipes, based on experience from local areas, has been produced by Local government regulation, the chartered institute of Environmental Health and theTrading standards institute. This guidance also covers how smokefree legislation applies to the use of waterpipes. other projects are currently underway in local areas and we will promote the widespread dissemination of these recommendations and findings.

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Media information about drugs

Ajouté le 16/12/2009

I want to move on now to look at how people gatherinformation about drugs and the challenges ofcommunicating the best evidence relating to drugharms to the public. This is diffi cult in the face of whatyou might call a peculiar media imbalance in relationto drugs. The data in Table 5 illustrate a remarkablefi nding.
It derives from the PhD of a Scottish graduate,Alasdair J M Forsyth, who looked at every singlenewspaper report of drug deaths in Scotland from1990 to 1999 and compared them with the coroners’data.Over the decade, there were 2,255 drug deaths, ofwhich the Scottish newspapers reported 546. Foraspirin, only one in every 265 deaths were reported– clearly aspirin was of no interest. For paracetamol,there was one newspaper report per 50 deaths, andfor benzodiazepines (diazepam and temazepam) onein 15 to one in 50. For morphine, one in 72 deathswere reported, indicating that editors were notinterested in this opiate.
They were more interested inheroin, where one in fi ve deaths were reported, andmethadone where one in 16 deaths were reported.They were also more interested in stimulants. Withamphetamines, deaths are relatively rare at 36, butone in three were reported; for cocaine it was one ineight. Amazingly, almost every single ecstasy death –that is, 26 out of 28 of those where ecstasy was namedas a possible contributory factor – was reported. Sothere’s a peculiar imbalance in terms of reporting thatis clearly inappropriate in relation to the relative harmsof ecstasy compared with other drugs (Nutt et al.,2009). The reporting gives the impression that ecstasyis a much more dangerous drug than it is. This is oneof the reasons I wrote the article about horse ridingthat caused such extreme media reactions earlierthis year (Nutt, 2009). The other thing you’ll notice isthat there is a drug missing, and that’s cannabis. Alsomissing is alcohol, which will have killed a similarnumber, 2,000 to 3,000 people, in Scotland over thattime, maybe more. Of course, cannabis wouldn’t havekilled anyone because it doesn’t kill.
And that’s one ofthe reasons why we thought cannabis should be classC because you cannot die of cannabis overdose.The media are not alone in getting things wrong.It is very easy to get research money to show thatdrugs are harmful but it’s very hard to get researchfunds to show that they may not be so. A lot of the scientifi c reporting about drugs is biased. It’s abig challenge for scientists to make sure that theircolleagues are producing data that are accurate.There have been some horrifi c examples wheresome of the so-called ‘top’ scientifi c journals havepublished poor quality research about the harmsof drugs such as cannabis or ecstasy, sometimeshaving to retract the articles. The problem is, younever see the retractions, you just see the frontpage of newspapers saying ‘ecstasy fries your brain’.The retraction explaining that methamphetaminerather than ecstasy was given by mistake is muchless visible, if published at all!

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Dignity’s Denial

Ajouté le 22/10/2009

During the final phase of nicotine dependency recovery we have two options in
overcoming the mountains of denial garbage we constantly fed ourselves over the years.
We can allow sufficient time to pass so that thoughts of wanting to use nicotine gradually
fade away and stop haunting and replaying over and over in our mind. We can also
attempt to accelerate the process by seeing the arrival of each “thought” as a golden
opportunity to set the record straight.
Imagine residing inside a chemically dependent mind but not realizing it had grown or
activated millions of extra acetylcholine receptors, de-sensitized itself or that nicotine
now controlled the flow of more than 100 chemicals inside our body. Many of us didn’t
need to know those details. We’d already felt punishing anxieties after waiting too long
between feedings. We knew we’d lost the autonomy to simply turn and walk away.
Even though we’d tried to tune it out, we also couldn't help but hear the dull roar of the
endless stream of new study findings telling us that each and every puff not only
destroyed more of our body’s ability to receive and transport life-giving oxygen, but that
with it came a greater accumulation of the 81 potential carcinogens identified in
cigarettes or the 28 found in oral tobacco. We knew we were slowly building cancer
time-bomb inside us.
While clinging to the security blanket that all we suffered from was some "nasty little
habit," deep down we knew we were hooked solid. So how did our conscious thinking
mind cope with the sobering reality that our brain was a slave to its own senseless selfdestruction?
How did we look in the mirror each morning and maintain any sense of
dignity, self-worth or self-respect while constantly being reminded that we were prisoners
to dependency, decay, disease, and that today we smokers would move closer to
completing the act of committing our own chemical suicide? It was easy - we learned to
lie.

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Common Use Cues

Ajouté le 24/9/2009

When during each day did our subconscious expect nicotine? Was its cue the smell ofmorning coffee, the feel of placing our dinner plate into the sink, or the sound of abottle or can opening, or ice cubes filling a glass? While few of us appreciated theprecise cue recognized by our subconscious, we have a pretty good feel for mostsituations during which we engaged in replenishment.
Activities - Each of us had conditioned our mind to expect nicotine in association withcertain activities. Our morning activity triggers may have been associated withclimbing out of bed, making the bed, getting dressed, caring for a pet, surroundingbreakfast, reading the paper, drinking coffee, stepping outside, brushing our teeth oreven using the bathroom.
Imagine so tying nicotine use to using the bathroom thatonce use ends we are briefly left wondering whether we’ll ever be able to have a bowelmovement again.If parents, cues may be associated with waking your children, feeding them, or gettingthem off to school. Housework, daily planning, talking on the phone, taking a break,television, using the computer or walking outside. While necessary that the childrenget off to school during early recovery, a lack of nicotine induced “aaah” rewards maycombine with a fear of encountering crave triggers to cause postponement of nonessentialactivities such as housework, but often not without a price.
A dirty house or tall grass may breed their own escalating internal anxieties or causeneedless family frictions. But initially, without our drug, conditioning can make a taskseem worthless or even impossible.And then there’s the workplace where nicotine replenishment may have beenassociated with rewards for having accomplished work tasks. Travel to work,arriving, either nicotine-use breaks or using while working, the end of the workday

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